Hospitality
Regulator priorities and recurring wage claims appear across Australia, European service data and parts of Asia.
Evidence appears acrossAustralia · EU services · Asia
Global wage mispayment evidence dossier
The world records pieces of the pay problem.
Regulators recover unpaid wages. Surveys find minimum-wage gaps. Complaint systems record salary claims. Together they show an international problem—but they do not add up to one honest global error rate.
Every figure below states who counted it, what it measures and what it cannot prove.
- Mapped jurisdictions
- 14 with publishable evidence
- Primary sources
- 15 linked at the point of use
- Evidence cut-off
- 25.08.26 facts checked to this date
01 / Explore the record
One world. Different ways of counting.
Preparing the world view
02 / Read the measurement
The same problem can look five times smaller.
European Commission analysis of 2018 data produced sharply different EU minimum-wage non-compliance estimates depending on who supplied the wage information.
EU-SILC household data
8.1%
Structure of Earnings Survey
1.43%
Household data includes wage information reported by workers and captures groups that establishment surveys may miss.
These are estimates of minimum-wage non-compliance—not all payroll errors.European Commission, Labour Market and Wage Developments 202403 / Follow the recurring risk
The evidence clusters around exposed work.
Across different countries and methods, the same kinds of work keep reappearing. The cards trace where that signal comes from without pretending the evidence is globally comparable.
stronger repetition across the gathered sources
Agriculture
Higher EU non-compliance estimates intersect with migrant exposure and enforcement priorities elsewhere.
Evidence appears acrossEuropean Union · Australia · Latin America
Construction
Wage arrears, overtime and migrant salary claims recur across Europe, Asia and Gulf labour markets.
Evidence appears acrossEuropean Union · Singapore · Gulf states
Domestic & cleaning
Targeted studies and audits identify severe risks in domestic work and outsourced cleaning services.
Evidence appears acrossThailand · Kenya · Israel
Garment & textiles
Historic Asian studies show wide variation, including high non-compliance in selected worker groups.
Evidence appears acrossIndia · Indonesia · Pakistan
Migrant work
Studies and claims systems repeatedly show heightened vulnerability in specific migrant populations.
Evidence appears acrossAustralia · Gulf states · Singapore
Evidence strength and measurement differ by source. A complaint, inspection, audit and worker study do not measure the same thing.